[Introduction]: Shanghai first discovered the Brazilian mutant of coronavirus! On April 30, 2021, two new strains of Brazilian virus appeared in Shanghai province.
Updated on: May 10, 2021.
| Shanghai first discovered the Brazilian mutant of coronavirus
Shanghai first discovered the Brazilian mutant of coronavirus! China Center for Disease Control and Prevention reported on May 7 that two new strains of Brazilian virus appeared in Shanghai province on April 30.
Case details:
On April 15, A 62-year-old male (Patient A) and A 58-year-old female (Patient B) set off from Canada by plane. After completing the coronavirus nasal swab test by Shanghai Customs, he was transferred to a hotel isolation center, and the test results of both patients were positive.
The couple were sent by ambulance to Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital for isolation treatment on April 16, 2021. According to chest computed tomography (CT) examination, Patient A has lung inflammation, while patient B has mild inflammation. All 28 close contacts related to them received centralized isolation medical observation.
On April 21, 2021, the Shanghai provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention began virus isolation and gene sequencing analysis after receiving samples. Subsequently, the two samples were sequenced using nano-pore grid technology (Nanopore GridION.).
On April 30, sequencing analysis concluded that the genome of these two viruses belonged to P1, 20J/501Y.V3 lineage, this is the first time that the coronavirus epidemic variant strain was found in four Brazilians during routine inspection at Haneda Airport in Japan at the end of December 202020. The variant then spread widely to Manaus in the northern Amazon state of Brazil.
As of April 30, 2021, 40 countries have reported Brazilian variants.
The reason why this P.1 new mutant has gained widespread attention is that three quarters of the residents in Manaus city in its epidemic area have been infected by the covid-19 virus, which is theoretically close to the community infection rate needed to obtain group immunity, however, the new mutant P.1 is still popular in this area, which makes scientists worry whether the mutant strain has a new immune escape that causes virus infection in human body.
This is the fourth major international variant strain recently detected in Shanghai after the new mutant 501Y.V1, South Africa 501Y.V2 and Nigeria B .1.525 variants popular in Britain. The heritability and pathogenicity of these mutations need to be further studied. In short, no matter how the virus mutates, what we need to care about is not only its infection efficiency, but also the incidence of serious illness after the infected patients, which is actually the most important influencing factor for social stability, do not ignore it.
| Shanghai’s first new coronavirus Nigeria Mutant
On March 12, 2021, Shanghai provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention successfully found B .1.525 Nigeria mutant from nasopharyngeal swabs of two imported cases of covid-19 outside China, and virus isolation is still in progress. This is the B .1.1.7 mutant found in a throat swab sample of a confirmed case of covid-19 imported into the UK on January 2 by the Shanghai provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 501Y was isolated from the throat swab of a South African new coronavirus case imported overseas on January 6. Since V2 South African mutant, the novel coronavirus mutant has been found again.
All of them are asymptomatic infected persons imported overseas:
The two cases were all asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad and were found in closed-loop management,Asymptomatic infected persons were reported on February 21 and February 22 respectively, and they are still receiving centralized medical observation in the hospital.. On March 5th, the Shanghai provincial center for disease control received nasopharyngeal swab samples from two cases sent by the Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, and immediately carried out virus isolation and genome sequencing analysis. On the morning of March 12, 2021, through gene sequencing analysis of the original sample,The results suggest that it is B .1.525 subtype, Nigeria Mutant.
At present, the Nigeria mutant of coronavirus has spread in 26 countries around the world. Studies have reported that Nigeria’s mutant strain enhances the transmission of the virus, which easily leads to antibody neutralization and escape, and may lead to re-infection of cases infected with covid-19.
CDC reminder:
The Shanghai provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention reminded the public that they should still adhere to the personal hygiene habits and keep the “four-piece set of epidemic prevention” that is used to wash hands frequently, wear masks frequently, one meter away, and ventilate frequently “.
| Shanghai Haizhu District reported that European strains were infected, not British variants.
Huang Fei, deputy director and deputy secretary of the Shanghai provincial health committee, said that the case was imported from the UK, and the admission and discharge from the hospital were closed-loop management. After being discharged from hospital, the test was negative on January 3, the nucleic acid was positive after being reviewed by Shanghai CDC on the 6th, and the provincial disease control review on the 7th was negative. 93 people were closely connected and tested for total Yin, and more than 60 environmental samples were all negative.
We sequencing the gene. This case is a European strain and does not belong to the British variant. The judgment is an overseas imported case of Fuyang. No follow-up infection has been found in the close connection of Fuyang cases in our province.
| A South African new Crown mutant found in Shanghai
On January 6, Shanghai provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention successfully isolated 501Y from a throat swab imported from a South African new coronavirus case abroad. V2 South Africa mutant has been found in 7 countries around the world except South Africa as of January 5. This is the second time that the CDC of Shanghai province found the B .1.1.7 mutant in a throat swab sample of a confirmed case of covid-19 imported from the UK on January 2, and successfully isolated the covid-19 mutant.
Case details:
The case is a closed-loop South African inbound person, male, 55 years old, South African, airline pilot. On the evening of December 8, 2020, he entered Shanghai from Singapore and collected nasopharyngeal swabs for nucleic acid test. The result was positive. Then the case was transferred by negative pressure ambulance to Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital for further isolation treatment. On December 31, Shanghai provincial center for disease control received throat swab samples collected from Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, and immediately carried out virus isolation and gene sequencing analysis. On the evening of January 5, 2021, through re-review and identification of the original sample and virus isolation culture, the viral genome sequence belongs to B .1.351 subtype, indicating 501Y.V2 South African mutant. The case is still hospitalized in Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital.
| Chief expert of Shanghai Disease Control: Currently, there is no risk of transmission of mutant strains in Shanghai
“The patient has been discharged from hospital, but it is still conducting medical observation after discharge at the centralized medical isolation point of Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital.” He Jianfeng, chief expert of Shanghai provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, said that Shanghai adopts strict closed-loop management for imported cases abroad, and medical observation of cases after discharge is also a measure that Shanghai insists on, “At present, this case has no risk of transmission to Shanghai.”
| New Crown mutant found in Shanghai entered the country 10 days earlier than related cases in Shanghai
On January 1, Shanghai CDC reported a case of variant coronavirus infection from Britain. Xiao Bian noticed that this case reported by Shanghai was 10 days earlier than the entry time of relevant cases in Shanghai.
Shanghai case:
Recently, in the gene sequencing monitoring of confirmed cases of covid-19 imported from Britain, Shanghai CDC found that the gene sequence of covid-19 in one case was B .1.1.7 subtype, it is similar to the variant virus gene reported recently in Britain.
The case is of Chinese nationality. He studied in the UK. He set out from the UK on December 13 and arrived at Shanghai Pudong International Airport on December 14. After entering the customs, he was centrally isolated. A confirmed case of covid-19 was diagnosed on December 16 (mild). At present, the case is isolated and treated in the municipal Public Health Clinical Center, and the condition is stable.
All passengers on the same flight in this case implemented 14-day isolation observation measures as required, and no abnormality was reported during the isolation period.
| Shanghai CDC:
After the UK reported the new coronavirus variant, the CDC of Shanghai province strengthened the sequencing analysis of the new coronavirus gene for imported cases abroad, and imported confirmed cases abroad in Shanghai province since last September, retrospective gene sequencing analysis was performed on samples of asymptomatic infected persons. On January 2, 2021, the CDC of Shanghai province found the B .1.1.7 mutant strain in a throat swab sample of a confirmed case of covid-19 imported from Britain, which is highly similar to the gene sequence of the variant virus recently reported in Britain.
Case details:
This case is a closed-loop British immigrant, male, 18 years old, Chinese, overseas student. On December 4, 2020, he entered Shanghai from Britain and tested his coronavirus nucleic acid negative when he entered the country. On December 18, samples were taken at the isolation point to test that the coronavirus nucleic acid was positive and sent to the Eighth People’s Hospital of Shanghai for isolation treatment. The diagnosis was confirmed and the clinical classification was mild, at present, medical observation after discharge is still conducted at the centralized medical isolation site of Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital.
On December 27, 2020, Shanghai provincial center for disease control carried out genome sequencing analysis on throat swab samples collected by Shanghai Eighth People’s Hospital, initially suggesting that it was B .1.1.7 mutant. On January 2, a high-throughput sequencing review was conducted again. The results showed that the virus gene sequence in the sample of this case belonged to B .1.1.7 subtype. The viral genome sequence contains 13 branch-specific amino acid mutation sites of the B .1.1.7 subtype mutant, including S protein N501Y, which has a potentially important influence on viral infection ability, p681H mutation and S protein 69-70 deletion mutation related to virus immune escape.
| Shanghai CDC response:
The vaccine currently developed is still effective, so there is no need to panic.
According to the current situation, this B .1.1.7 mutant strain has stronger transmission power, but the patient’s symptoms, severe rate and mortality rate have basically not changed. The vaccines currently developed are still effective, and most diagnostic detection reagents are still effective, citizens need not panic.
Has the virus-causing force and severity of the mutation increased?
According to the current situation, this B .1.1.7 mutant strain has stronger transmission power, but the patient’s symptoms, severe rate and mortality rate have basically not changed, so there is no need to panic.
Does China’s new coronavirus vaccine have immune protective effect on this variant?
At present, it has not been found that this variant has an impact on the immune efficacy of inactivated coronavirus vaccine listed in China.
Can the new coronavirus nucleic acid detection reagent in China detect this variant?
At present, the mainstream nucleic acid detection reagents in our country are aimed at the two target genes of coronavirus, namely, N gene and ORF1ab gene, the S protein gene variation of this new variant in Britain does not affect the sensitivity and specificity of nucleic acid reagents. The new variant strains recently discovered in Shanghai are detected by nucleic acid reagents in China.
Is the existing measures to prevent and control the spread of coronavirus effective in China?
China basically blocked the spread of local coronavirus in April 202020. for more than 10 cases of covid-19 caused by imported cases or contaminated cold chain items, all have taken effective measures to block transmission. Regular screening of high-risk groups, early diagnosis, early treatment, early isolation of infected persons and close recipients, wearing masks, washing hands frequently and keeping social distance are effective measures to block the spread of coronavirus in China.
What further measures should be taken against the emergence of new coronavirus variants?
People do not need to panic, we must strictly implement the existing prevention and control measures in our country, strengthen personal protection awareness, especially strengthen the protection of medical care and employees in hospitals or designated isolated hotels with imported cases.
